This guide is for people who want to add Second Hard Drive and need help configuring it to work with their Linux Server. I’ll be logged in as root.
Step 1 – Update repositories.
Step 2 – Show all hdd with the following command fdisk -l and you will see something similar to this:
Disk /dev/sda: 160.0 GB, 160041885696 bytes
255 heads, 63 sectors/track, 19457 cylinders, total 312581808 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x000d94a0
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sda1 * 2048 296534015 148265984 83 Linux
/dev/sda2 296536062 312580095 8022017 5 Extended
/dev/sda5 296536064 312580095 8022016 82 Linux swap / Solaris
Disk /dev/sdb: 160.0 GB, 160000000000 bytes
58 heads, 29 sectors/track, 185790 cylinders, total 312500000 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0xf5f5f5f5
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
/dev/sdb1 2048 312499999 156248976 83 Linux
Disk /dev/sdc: 4009 MB, 4009754624 bytes
124 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1018 cylinders, total 7831552 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000001
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Step 3. – I will insert USB flash drive and Linus will recognise it as sdc drive. For the example I will use this drive. If there isn’t a valid partition on your hdd, you must create it with the following commands: fdisk /dev/sdc
1 – fdisk /dev/sdc -select hdd
2 – m – print this menu
3 – p – print the partition table – If there is a valid partition on your hdd you can delete it with d
4 – n – add a new partition –
5 – p – I choose to create primary partition
6 – 1 – choose number of partition
7 – enter – Press ENTER twice to select default sectors
8 – w – write table to disk and exit
Command (m for help): m
Command action
a toggle a bootable flag
b edit bsd disklabel
c toggle the dos compatibility flag
d delete a partition
l list known partition types
m print this menu
n add a new partition
o create a new empty DOS partition table
p print the partition table
q quit without saving changes
s create a new empty Sun disklabel
t change a partition’s system id
u change display/entry units
v verify the partition table
w write table to disk and exit
x extra functionality (experts only)
Command (m for help): p
Disk /dev/sdc: 4009 MB, 4009754624 bytes
124 heads, 62 sectors/track, 1018 cylinders, total 7831552 sectors
Units = sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes
Sector size (logical/physical): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
I/O size (minimum/optimal): 512 bytes / 512 bytes
Disk identifier: 0x00000001
Device Boot Start End Blocks Id System
Command (m for help): n
Partition type:
p primary (0 primary, 0 extended, 4 free)
e extended
Select (default p): p
Partition number (1-4, default 1): 1
First sector (2048-7831551, default 2048):
Using default value 2048
Last sector, +sectors or +size{K,M,G} (2048-7831551, default 7831551):
Using default value 7831551
Command (m for help): w
The partition table has been altered!
Calling ioctl() to re-read partition table.
Syncing disks.
Now you have one primary partiton.
Step 4 – Now you must create file system. For example I will create ext4 file system. Run the following command mkfs.ext4 /dev/sdc1
mke2fs 1.42.9 (4-Feb-2014)
Filesystem label=
OS type: Linux
Block size=4096 (log=2)
Fragment size=4096 (log=2)
Stride=0 blocks, Stripe width=0 blocks
244800 inodes, 978688 blocks
48934 blocks (5.00%) reserved for the super user
First data block=0
Maximum filesystem blocks=1002438656
30 block groups
32768 blocks per group, 32768 fragments per group
8160 inodes per group
Superblock backups stored on blocks:
32768, 98304, 163840, 229376, 294912, 819200, 884736
Allocating group tables: done
Writing inode tables: done
Creating journal (16384 blocks): done
Writing superblocks and filesystem accounting information:
done
Step 5 – Now I will prepare ubuntu for permanently add hdd. We must create folder, and see block id of hdd and add in fstab. For automatically adding a hard drive after restart run the following commands:
/dev/sdc1: UUID=”7a8fc443-e4c3-47c2-9d59-4f0ebd690e09″ TYPE=”ext4″
add the following line of the end
Run follow commands for re-mount hdd
Step 6 – Run df -h
/dev/sda1 140G 8.1G 124G 7% /
none 4.0K 0 4.0K 0% /sys/fs/cgroup
udev 3.8G 8.0K 3.8G 1% /dev
tmpfs 767M 836K 766M 1% /run
none 5.0M; 0 5.0M 0% /run/lock
none 100M; 0 100M 0% /run/shm
/dev/sdc1 3.7G; 7.5M 3.5G 1% /srv/samba/secondhdd
Now you have added second hdd. After restart hdd will be added automatically.
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